systemd配置范例

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systemd 是一个 Linux 系统基础组件的集合，提供了一个系统和服务管理器，运行为 PID 1 并负责启动其它程序。功能包括：支持并行化任务；同时采用 socket 式与 D-Bus 总线式激活服务；按需启动守护进程（daemon）；利用 Linux 的 cgroups 监视进程；支持快照和系统恢复；维护挂载点和自动挂载点；各服务间基于依赖关系进行精密控制。systemd 支持 SysV 和 LSB 初始脚本，可以替代 sysvinit。除此之外，功能还包括日志进程、控制基础系统配置，维护登陆用户列表以及系统账户、运行时目录和设置，可以运行容器和虚拟机，可以简单的管理网络配置、网络时间同步、日志转发和名称解析等。

配置文件路径

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/usr/lib/systemd/system
/run/systemd/system
/etc/systemd/system
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[Unit]
Description=Zabbix Agent
After=syslog.target
After=network.target

[Service]
Environment="CONFFILE=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf"
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/zabbix-agent
Type=forking
Restart=on-failure
PIDFile=/run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
KillMode=control-group
# ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/chmod 777 /run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c $CONFFILE
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID
ExecStartPost=-/usr/bin/chown zabbix:zabbix /run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
# ExectStopPost=-/usr/bin/chmod 777 /run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

centos7 兼容6的启动脚本/etc/init.d/php-fpm

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#! /bin/sh
#
# chkconfig: - 84 16
# description:	PHP FastCGI Process Manager
# processname: php-fpm
# config: /etc/php-fpm.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/php-fpm
# pidfile: /var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          php-fpm
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description:       starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO

# Standard LSB functions
#. /lib/lsb/init-functions

# Source function library.
. /etc/init.d/functions

# Check that networking is up.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Additional environment file
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/php-fpm ]; then
      . /etc/sysconfig/php-fpm
fi

if [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ]
then
	exit 0
fi

RETVAL=0
prog="php-fpm"
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/php-fpm}

start () {
	echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
	dir=$(dirname ${pidfile})
	[ -d $dir ] || mkdir $dir
	daemon --pidfile ${pidfile} /usr/sbin/php-fpm --daemonize
	RETVAL=$?
	echo
	[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
}
stop () {
	echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
	killproc -p ${pidfile} php-fpm
	RETVAL=$?
	echo
	if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] ; then
		rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
	fi
}

restart () {
        stop
        start
}

reload () {
	echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
	if ! /usr/sbin/php-fpm --test ; then
	        RETVAL=6
	        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
	        failure $"not reloading $prog due to configuration syntax error"
	else
		killproc -p ${pidfile} php-fpm -USR2
		RETVAL=$?
	fi
	echo
}


# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
  start)
	start
	;;
  stop)
	stop
	;;
  status)
	status -p ${pidfile} php-fpm
	RETVAL=$?
	;;
  restart)
	restart
	;;
  reload|force-reload)
	reload
	;;
  configtest)
 	/usr/sbin/php-fpm --test
	RETVAL=$?
	;;
  condrestart|try-restart)
	[ -f ${lockfile} ] && restart || :
	;;
  *)
	echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart|try-restart|configtest}"
	RETVAL=2
        ;;
esac

exit $RETVAL

centos7 systemd启动配置/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service

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[Unit]
Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=notify
PIDFile=/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/php-fpm
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /etc/php-fpm.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

nginx.service【官方】

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# /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

tomcat.service

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[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat
Documentation=https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-9.0-doc/index.html
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/data/webserver/tomcat/bin/catalina.map.pid
ExecStart=/data/webserver/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/data/webserver/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh stop
PrivateTmp=true
Restart=always
RestartSec=15s
User=root
Group=root

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

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